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Drought is widely recognized as a slow creeping natural hazard that occurs as a consequence of the natural climatic variability. In recent years, concern has grown world-wide that droughts may be increasing in frequency and severity given the changing climatic conditions. Responses to droughts in most parts of the world are generally reactive in terms of crisis management and are known to be untimely, poorly coordinated and disintegrated. Consequently, the economic, social and environmental impacts of droughts have increased significantly worldwide. Because of their long-term socio-economic impacts, droughts are by far the most damaging of all natural disasters.
GOALS OF THE NATIONAL DROUGHT POLICIES
- Proactive mitigation and planning measures, risk management, public outreach and resource stewardship as key elements of effective national drought policy.
- Greater collaboration to enhance the national/ regional/global observation networks and information delivery systems to improve public understanding of, and preparedness for, drought.
- Incorporation of comprehensive governmental and private insurance and financial strategies into drought preparedness plans.
- Recognition of a safety net of emergency relief based on sound stewardship of natural resources and self-help at diverse governance levels.
- Coordination of drought programmes and response in an effective, efficient and customer-oriented manner.